Mapping HPV infections: from usual locations to rare manifestations

A.I. Anghel, C.E. Durdu, R.E. Bohîlțea

Rezumat: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are responsible for approximately 5% of all cancers, with high-risk types causing nearly all cervical cancer cases. While cervical cancer is the most recognized outcome of HPV infection, the virus also contributes to vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal, and head and neck cancers. HPV types 16 and 18 are the primary culprits in these malignancies. HPVs exhibit strict host specificity and encompass over 100 types, some linked to benign conditions like genital warts. The viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a crucial role in cancer development by inhibiting tumor suppressor genes. HPV-related diseases manifest in various ways, from common conditions like anogenital and plantar warts to rare presentations such as recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, conjunctival papillomas, and middle ear carcinomas. The clinicians must recognize this diversity to ensure the accurate diagnosis and management. Preventive measures, particularly large-scale vaccination, are essential to reduce the incidence and complications of HPV-related diseases.
Cuvinte cheie: human papillomavirus, HPV-related cancers, cervical cancer, atypical localizations.