Biomarkers used in the early prediction of gestational diabetes

R. Mateescu, G. Marina, A. Edu, G. Obilișteanu, M. Bujor, S. Conci, G. Ionescu, M. Antonovici, F. Isopescu, M. Plotogea, A. Ispas, M. Edu

Rezumat: Objectives. The evaluation of maternal biomarkers that can guide us towards an early diagnosis of gestational diabetes, as early as the first trimester of pregnancy, for a better management and to reduce potential adverse effects of gestational diabetes on pregnancy and pregnant women. Methodology. This article reviews research in the specialized literature and aims to highlight how biomarkers, such as fasting glucose, HOMA score, glycated hemoglobin and PAPP-A, can constitute a set of parameters for screening gestational diabetes as early as the first trimester of pregnancy. Results. Women who developed gestational diabetes exhibited higher values of biomarkers compared to patients unaffected by this metabolic imbalance. Diagnosing gestational diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy requires correlating multiple biological markers. Most studies suggest that none of the markers used alone have a sufficiently high predictive value for screening gestational diabetes in the first trimester. However, their correlation can quantify the risk of developing this condition and provide a clinical clue in routine practice.
Cuvinte cheie: biomarker, insulin, HOMA, glycated hemoglobin, OGTT, PAPP-A, gestational diabetes, ADA criteria, ACOG criteria.