The importance of immunohistochemical tests in the positive diagnosis of preneoplastic and neoplastic endometrial epithelial lesions

M. Comanescu, A.G. Poteca, A. Comanescu, T. Poteca, M. Mitran

Rezumat: Endometrial malignant neoplasms are one of the most common lesions of the female reproductive tract, new cases being described each year. Both precursor endometrial lesions and endometrial malignant neoplasms are associated with numerous risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension and estrogenic hyperstimulation. Besides the rather difficult problem of the differential diagnosis between hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma, the important relationship between the two classes of entities is given by the progression of endometrial hyperplasia to carcinoma and triggering molecular mechanisms. Endometrial cancer is represented by tumors with good prognosis and treatment response and by very aggressive tumors that are a major contributor to the increase in deaths from uterine cancer. Currently we are trying to integrate the histopathologic appearance of endometrial cancer with the pathogenic mechanisms to identify new and clinically important prognostic factors. This study has identified precursor lesions and endometrial carcinoma by analyzing an extensive casuistry on clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical criteria, according to current concepts. The aim of the study was to create a characteristic profile, depending on clinical, histopathological and biomolecular factors with further therapeutic utility in modulating attitude and stratifing the risk of premalignant and malignant endometrial lesions and identifying the population group prone to developing these disorders.
Cuvinte cheie: endometrial hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma, hormone receptors, prognostic.