Mycoplasma genitalium – a better known microorganism and its implications in an old gynecological pathology

C. Grigoriu, R.E.Bohîlțea, G. Călinescu, M.A. Bălan, I.A. Horhoianu, T. Georgescu, M. Mitran

Rezumat: Mycoplasma genitalium belongs to the Mollicute class, represented by the smallest microorganisms which can live independently without a cell wall. From the same class, also involved in urogenital system pathogenesis, we mention Mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasmas, like Urealiticum or Parvum. Mycoplasma genitalium infection is found in 1-3.3% of individuals amongst the general population, but there is a higher prevalence among patients with nongonococcal urethritis (10-35%) or in patients with chronic cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (12-28%). The recurrence of the infection and its chronic evolution yield an important practical importance. The main risk factors associated with Mycoplasma genitalium are represented by: age under 20 years old, more than two past sexual partners, and smoking. Mycoplasma genitalium is sensible to tetracyclines, macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Nevertheless, it seems that the microorganism has a great capacity to quickly acquire antibiotic resistance. The risk of recurrence of the Mycoplasma genitalium infection is high, both in women and men. The repeated urinary symptoms in men and also the urinary or genital symptoms in women are suggestive. The treatment must be resumed by choosing the optimal antibiotic. It is imperative that the sexual partner be tested and treated. Finally, it is important to check the cure of the infection. The risks of recurrence and/or persistence consists in the chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID) with endometritis and chronic salpingitis. CPID can thus lead to infertility, due to the endocervical, endometrial and tubal mucosa injury.
Cuvinte cheie: recurrent genital infections, Mycoplasma genitalium.