R.E. Bohîlțea, D. Tudorache, B.M. Mihai, V. Varlas, V. Dima, A. Veduță, C. Berceanu, R. Vlădăreanu
Rezumat: The most frequently used tools to differentiate between
a normal pregnancy and an ectopic or nonviable one
are human chorionic gonadotropin concentration and
high-resolution transvaginal ultrasound measurements. Extensive
prenatal ultrasound, using a wide range of criteria,
can be used to identify pregnancies at risk for the mother or
fetus,
ensuring an ongoing evaluation of the maternal and
fetal
health and anticipating certain problems that allow
in some cases to minimize or even prevent morbidity. The
specialist
must first determine the viability of the pregnancy,
the localization, the number of sacs, embryos, placentas
and, after all these, the gestational age. The most used signs
for early pregnancy failure are considered the absence of
cardiac
activity and the absence of the embryo in a grown
gestational sac. Beside ultrasonography, hCG levels are
used to differentiate between viable pregnancies, nonviable
pregnancies and ectopic pregnancies, even though values
overlap most of the time, as a result multiple measurements
must be performed. When the last menstrual period is not
known, ultrasonography can be used to date the pregnancy
using ultrasound measurements. Ultrasonography can be
used to detect congenital anomalies during early pregnancies,
as well as detect first-trimester fetal growth delay.
Currently, there is a constant need of revising and standardizing
the practical guidelines with the purpose of ensuring
that patients receive the best prenatal care as possible, as
well as treating the nonviable during the first trimester at
low costs, preventing further costs down the road. Cuvinte cheie: pregnancy, early pregnancy failure, viability,
first-trimester ultrasound, fetal measurements.