L. Cosma, C. Gică, A.M. Panaitescu, R. Botezatu, A. Ciobanu, G. Peltecu, N. Gică
Rezumat: Objective. The morbidity and mortality caused by surgical
site infections (SSIs) worldwide have become a major public
health issue. Furthermore, the prevention of SSI remains
a focus for healthcare systems and hospitals due to its
healthcare cost reducibility. The objective of this review is
to assess the guidelines recommendations related to the prevention, diagnosis and management of SSIs. Materials
and method. This paper is a review based on information
found in literature. The analysis was limited to English language articles and guidelines published between January 1st, 2015 and April 30th, 2020, on PubMed, using the following keywords: surgical site infection, wound infection in gynecology, prophylactic antibiotics, economic impact of SSIs. In this review we discuss the current trends in the management of SSIs in gynecology. Results. The microorganisms in gynecologic surgery
are unique as the site of infection may be from the vaginal/
genitourinary tract, the abdomen or the skin. The most frequent bacteria in abdominal SSI in gynecologic surgery are aerobic Grampositive cocci (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus
epidermidis). Also, incisions made around the perineum and
the groin can become infected with Enterococcus species
and Escherichia coli. Incisional cellulitis and vaginal cuff
cellulitis represent the most common superficial SSI. Deep tissue abscess represents the most common deep infection,
whilst tubo-ovarian abscesses and pelvic abscesses
constitute the most common space and organ infections.
The most serious form of SSI is necrotizing fasciitis, a
life-threatening complication. Conclusions. By rigorously following the clinical recommendations and evidence, the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of SSI can be managed correctly. As a result, health outcomes and healthcare-related costs will be greatly improved, thereby the quality of healthcare that we deliver to patients will be furthermore increased. Cuvinte cheie: surgical site infection (SSI), wound infection in
gynecology, prophylactic antibiotics, economic impact of
SSI.