Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: granulosa-stromal cell tumors. Case report and literature review

L. Mustaţă, G. Peltecu, R. Chirculescu, A.M. Panaitescu, N. Gică, R. Botezatu, R.G. Cigaran, C. Gică, G. Iancu

Rezumat: Background. Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary (SCSTO) are a rare pathology of the ovary, representing less than 2% from the total primary ovarian cancer cases. Materials and method. This paper describes a case of granulosa tumor cell, juvenile type, in a young woman with secondary amenorrhea and primary infertility. Results. Granulosa tumor cell, juvenile type, was suspicioned after clinical and paraclinical tests had been done, and MRI described the ovarian tumor. This case emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary team approach, involving gynecologist, fertility specialist, oncologist, and radiologist. We have reviewed the available literature in this report. Although most cases are treated with surgery alone following oncological safety principles as in epithelial ovarian cancer approach, it is important to discuss the follow-up approach, taking into consideration that this patient particularly wished to procreate, and fertility sparing surgery was performed. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were complementary treatments that were discussed in the multidisciplinary meeting, but as no adjuvant therapy was found to be effective, these adjuvant therapies are kept for recurrence and palliative care for advanced disease. Close follow-up was arranged for the patient as clinical and pelvic/abdominal MRI surveillance. Conclusions. Given the rarity of this disease worldwide, it is important to raise awareness amongst medical staff and educate the general population to seek medical attention early.
Cuvinte cheie: sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary, granulosa tumor cell, juvenile granulosa tumor cells, fertility sparing surgery, ovarian cancer.