REVISTA DE EDUCATIE MEDICALA CONTINUA DEDICATA GINECOLOGILOR,
OBSTETRICENILOR, MOASELOR SI ASISTENTILOR MEDICALI DIN ROMANIA

<- Home <- Arhive <- Anul 5, Nr. 17, September 2017



RevistaGinecologia5(17)29-31(2017)
© VERSA PULS MEDIA, S.R.L.


Pre- and perinatal risk factors involved in the development of autistic spectrum disorders in children

M. Boț, M. Ichim, A. Tecuci, M. Zvâncă, C. Mehedințu, S. Vlădăreanu


Rezumat: The aetiology of autism is unknown, although multiple research into the identification of factors involved in certain periods of gestation has been conducted in epidemiological research centers over the last 40 years. Currently, it is considered that the mechanism underlyng the development of autistic spectrum disorders is most likely polygenic and environmental factos can interact with genetic factors to increase the risk. Although the neuropathological mechanism are described evasively, the studies have shown that there are macroscopic, microscopic and functional abnormalities in the brain of these childrens. These different brain abnormalities suggest that the relevant aetiology may be in the pre- and peripartum period or in early childhood. A recent meta-analysis has centralized 60 studies that analized the association between perinatal, neonatal factors and autism. The factors identified as having an increased risk of autism are: folic acid deficiency in the first trimester of pregnancy, Rubella infections during pregnancy, smoking, pregnant women with an increased Body Mass Index, autoimmune thyroid diseases, abnormal presentations, fetal distress, obstetric trauma, multiple births, maternal bledding, birth in the summer, underweight foetuses registered at birth, congenital malformations, meconium aspiration, APGAR score decreased after 5 minutes from birth, neonatal feeding difficulties, neonatal anemia, RH and ABO incompatibility with isoimmunization, hyperbilirubinemia.
Cuvinte cheie: autism, risk factors, causes.

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