The prophylaxis, diagnosis and management of the polymorphic lesional profile of genital HPV infection in teenage girls

C. Berceanu, M.M. Cîrstoiu, E. Brătilă, S. Berceanu, C. Simionescu, S. Vlădăreanu

Rezumat: The vulnerability of adolescent girls to contact HPV is caused by several factors. These include: greater exposure to HPV through the risky sexual behavior, lack of immune memory and high rates of squamous metaplasia. Detecting HPV in teenage girls is most commonly associated with normal cytology. The incidence varies between 12-56% in women under 21 years, while in those over 35 years old ranges between 2-7%. Environmental factors, such as sexually transmitted infections or semen itself, may induce inflammation, repair and metaplasia favoring HPV infection. HPV vaccination should respect the principles of bioethics as a first key element in the relationship with the patient and an accurate, complete and efficient counseling. The arrangements in the prevention of infection are quite clearly established and include: educating teenagers and young people about HPV, counseling on the benefits of abstinence, delay in initiation of sexual intercourse, limiting the number of sexual partners. Histology but not cytology is the basic criterion for decision on uterine cervix surgery in adolescents. The decision regarding the surgical intervention on uterine cervix in teenage girls is always the exception. It is essential that young girls should be vaccinated prior to onset of sexual activity, and as a result, many of high degree precancers could be prevented, maximizing the effect of vaccines. For teenagers who have already begun their sexual life, the vaccine can still be effective and it is recommended because they will not be infected with HPV types protected by the vaccine.
Cuvinte cheie: HPV, cytology, immune memory, vaccination, prevention.